Optical / laser diagnostics

Many modern diagnostic techniques are optically- or laser-based as they do not disturb the phenomena being measured. To obtain full use of these techniques, a maximum amount of optical access is required. This must be available with minimum disruption to the geometry and functionality of the engine.

The Lotus optical single cylinder research engine offers a rapid development tool for obtaining new knowledge associated with new engine technologies.

Among other things, real time images can be captured of various phenomena inside the cylinder such as fuel spray dispersion and flame propagation. This enables the advancement of various technologies through research, only possible using an optical engine.

Environmental benefits

With the improved understanding of combustion processes engines can be designed with:

  • Reduced fuel consumption (less CO2)
  • Reduced emissions (less pollutants)

Full access for use of optical diagnostic techniques:

Extended piston with stationary 45degree mirror and sapphire piston crown window

Removable glass cylinder forms the optical bore

Upper crankcase with hydraulic platform permitting mounting and quick release for optical components:

Quick release liner permits easy and rapid maintenance

Replicates accurately the actual geometry of real engines

Robust lower crankcase containing crankshaft and primary and secondary balance shafts producing minimal vibration:

Operates at real engine loads and speeds up to 5000 rpm

Various phenomena can be investigated using optical diagnostic techniques.

Air flow characterision
Flow velocity can be measured using:

- Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)

Fuel spray characterisation
Flow velocity and particle size can be measured using:

- Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA)

Air:fuel ratios
Concentrations in spray fields can measured using:

- Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF)

Soot and particulate formation
Soot concentrations in unsteady flows of complex geometry can be measured using:

- Laser Induced Incandescence (LII)

Combustion, flame growth and propagation
These can be investigated using:

- High speed imaging